I personally thought the red hunting hat, The Museum of Natural History, and The Ducks in the Central Park Lagoon were the most significant and came up regularly in the novel. Alex Gross, The Theories of Translation. The Romanian version faithfully and accurately kept and rendered Salingers use of intonational stress and italicized words, which represents an important case of gain. and how should i write it.. pls and thanks" eNotes Editorial, 27 Mar. Moreover, the characters created by Salinger used to have some obstacles to fins their own happiness; but, suddenly, it appears the religion as a solution, as a way of liberation: it supposes the end of the suffering for each character. Another epithet that was used by the author in his novel is hardly ever listened (J. D. Salinger: 6) This is a reserved epithet because it is composed of two words linked by a preposition and it was chosen in order to point out to the reader that speech of old Spenser was not a clear one and not understandable one for the listener. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. This is the main cause of the prohibition of this novel in some schools; but in the other side, there are a big number of schools and teachers that recommend this book as an obligatory reading. In this chapter it would be tried to focus on drawing a link between some general translation theories and the analysis of Romanian versions of Salingers novel, considering the general overview in this chapter a link or a starting point for the case study in the last chapter. Sapir's thesis, endorsed later by Whorf, is related to the more recent view advanced by the Soviet semiotician; Lotman that language is a modelling system. It is like when polysemantic words in English and other languages do not coincide in their lexical-semantic variants and the same is when differ the function of identical stylistic device. One group of polysemes are those in which a word meaning an activity, perhaps derived from a verb, acquires the meanings of those engaged in the activity, or perhaps the results of the activity, or the time or place in which the activity occurs or has occurred. Throughout the novel, Holden seems to be excluded from and victimized by the world around him. essay, The Catcher in the Rye and The Outsider novels hold, Catcher in the Rye Essay Argumentative Essay, Belonging Essay 'Romulus My Father', 'the Lost Thing' and 'the Catcher in the Rye', Write Salinger has the power to disconnect between his adorated teenagers and phony adults: he magnifies childrens intelligence; so we can say that the kind of language used in this novel is not monotonous. This is characterized by different functioning of a word in language, different in usage and combinability, but even the primary meaning of an English word maybe wider of the corresponding one in Russian. Stradlater insists, however, that Holden not write it too well, for the teacher knows that Holden is a hot-shot in English. March 3, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 What Holden does not yet realize, however, is that he carries his torment with him, inside himself. Beyond the notion stressed by the narrowly linguistic approach, that translation involves the transfer of `meaning' contained in one set of language signs through competent use of the dictionary and grammar, the process involves a whole set of extra-linguistic criteria also. The Romanian translation is obviously courageous in the choice of words, modem in the choice of vocabulary and linguistic register. It is, of course related to the development of a given languages and formation of its lexical system. Another fight with Stradlater Feb 13, 2023 - Feb 14, 2023 Mad about Children." Belonging doesnt just happen; it involves many factors and experiences. An opaque expression may be easier to translate than a transparent one. Throughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger obtain numerous symbols that persist in the book. Once the translator has coped with this obstacle, the most frequent translation difficulties are of a semantic and cultural nature: "Linguistic untranslatability" (cognates, i.e. These elements, in English are: personals, demonstratives, and comparatives. The translation process from one language into another is inevitable without necessary grammatical transformations (change of structure). Life is a game that one plays according to the rules., [Ackley] took another look at my hat . One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. Critics have argued the moral issues raised by the book and the context in which it is presented. Inter-semiotic translation or transmutation (an interpretation of verbal signs of non-verbal sign systems). The combination of the first two types of are clear pointed out to the reader in the beginning where the author used indirect speech for giving clear details about the main character and also this type is used through whole novel for giving more detail where it is necessary, the direct speech is used by the author in order to show to the reader the way of talking of the characters of the novel. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Ive selected Holdens red hunting hat, the Museum of Natural History, and the Ducks in Central Park Lagoon. His brother Allie's (died from leukemia) baseball glove which had poems written all over it in green ink to read while out in the field. Accessed 4 Mar. Finally, the pond itself becomes a minor metaphor for the world as Holden sees it, because it is partly frozen and partly not frozen. The pond is in transition between two states, just as Holden is in transition between childhood and adulthood. (2019, Mar 02). Afterwards, Salinger struggled with unwanted attention, including a legal battle in the 1980s with biographer Ian Hamilton and the release in the late 1990s of memoirs written by two people close to him: Joyce Maynard, an ex-lover; and Margaret Salinger, his daughter. It is very frequent when grammatical and lexical transformations demand supplementation or omission of some words or elements. The Catcher in the Rye and J. D. Salinger were very popular among young people because his rich and fresh vocabulary, full of slangs, connected with the teenagers; in the Fifties, there were a lot of articles about The Catcher Cult. The most important revelation in these chapters comes about when Holden writes the composition for Stradlater, divulging that his brother Allie died of leukemia several years before. [18]. There are different types of lexical difficulties in translation and the main of them are: A polysemy is a word or phrase with multiple, related meanings. PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are . Holden responds with this image, which reveals his fantasy of idealistic childhood and of his role as the protector of innocence. American Literature books summary. Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. There are several tests for polysemy, but one of them is zeugma: if one word seems to exhibit zeugma when applied in different contexts, it is likely that the contexts bring out different polysemes of the same word. That's all I'd do all day. But Holden's interaction with Mr. Antolini is the event that precipitates his full-blown breakdown. Polyseme in the same time is the capacity for a sign (e.g., a word, phrase, etc.) Most of the novel describes his almost manic quest for companionship as he flits from one meaningless encounter to another. Some idioms are 'misleading'; they seem transparent because they offer a reasonable literal interpretation and their idiomatic meanings are not necessarily signalled in the surrounding text. . Please wait while we process your payment. catcher in the rye study guide Flashcards | Quizlet New York Times Book Review 15 July 1951, 5. Language metaphors are stock metaphors. For the first time, I can see a definite connection between the main character in the story and the author. First of all we should account for the techniques or the main pont of an analyse such as translation dificulties and lexical peculiarities that are used during the Modern Age for pointing out the most esential meaning of the writings that were written during the period. Supplementations of parts of speech are characterized by several factors: difference in structures of the sentences and that short English sentences demand spread translation in the Romanian language. If originally published today, the novel would probably create little publicity and garner only average book sales. http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html; http://www.scribd.com/doc/9711270/the-Catcher-in-the-Rye-1945-De-Veghe-in-Lanul-de-Secara-Jdsalinger. Holden was very fond of his brother and discusses his reaction to Allies death. In the novel Holden says I put my red hunting hat on, and turned the peak around to the back, the way I liked it, and then I yelled at the top of my god dam voice, "Sleep tight, ya morons! " Absence of some corresponding word or lexical-semantic variant in both languages is also one of the reasons of applying additional words in translation. When done on synchronic level, this kind of code switching is called a paraphrase. An idiom or fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its context of use may be different; the two expressions may have different connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable. They also represent what he fears most about the adult world: complexity, unpredictability, and potential for conflict and change. Ace your assignments with our guide to The Catcher in the Rye! J. D. Salinger used the simple epithet pretty lousy (J. (one code per order). Chapter 4-6 Flashcards | Quizlet Already a member? Last but not the least is the accepted usage of words in a language. This is why you remain in the best website to see the incredible book to have. In substitution, an item (or items) is replaced by another item (or items). Inter-lingual translation or translation proper (an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language). The difficulties involved in translating an idiom are totally different from those involved in interpreting it. This has been mainly achieved by the careful and analytical comparison of some identical passages from the ST with its translations. This passage, in which Holden explains why he loves the Museum of Natural History, is located in Chapter 16. He is angry at life for being so unfair. When comparing the grammatical categories and forms of English and other languages are identify the following differences: Absence of conforming form, partial correspondence, differences in character and use urge translators to make necessary grammatical transformations while translating some piece. Simile is a more cautious form of metaphor. The mitt reminds holden of his brother and is the only thing he can be descriptive about so it is what holden writes Stradlater's report on it. Equally surprising is Holdens willingness to go to the movies after his diatribes against their superficiality. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Some critics scolded the novel as being too pessimistic or obscene, too harsh for the society of the 1950's. In Salingers Catcher in the Rye, Salinger refers greatly in one chapter to ducks in central park. The Modernist period is a time of the late XIXth and XXth centuries that was marked by the work of the great writer that activated during this period. The Catcher in the Rye Chapters 3-5 Summary and Analysis Holden seems to feel increasing pressure as he moves toward leaving school, and Salinger manipulates the details of Holdens physical environment to match his protagonists feelings. Language, Voice, and Holden Caulfield: The Catcher in the Rye Part 1 The many negative reactions were mainly caused by the social and political background of the postwar period, by misunderstanding the text, by misreading it, by associating the novel with famous criminals and the reading of the novel by the wrong audienceteenagers instead of adults. Lexical peculiarities are the most important features of lexico-stylistic analyses and these features are very important for the reader in order easily to understand the whole content of the work. You can use it as an example when writing He wrote this terrific book of short stories, []. He lets the reader know how the character feels at that time and his or her thoughts. Whatever the difficulty in the translation process, procedures must aim at the essence of the message and faithfulness to the meaning of the source language text being transferred to the target language text. Holden introduced her to Stradlater, because he didn't want to date her himself. Once the idiom has been recognized and understood, the task is not yet finished: in the contrary, one could say that has just begun. Volume 17, The World book Encyclopedia, World Book Inc a Scott Fetzer Company Chicago London Sydney Toronto 1997; http://www.digischool.nl/ckv1/literatuur/salinger/salinger1.htm. Also he tells the reader he's not excited to find out abut this favor and that guys like Stradlater always think people want to do things for them. Instead of paying attention to the game, he would write poetry on his glove while playing the outfield. Contextual meaning of a word in many instances depends on the character of semantic context, on the semantics of the words combining with it. The theme of this thesis that would be discussed is Lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger and this theme was chosen in order to describe the lexical peculiarities used by the author and to make distinction in the types of translation difficulties and to identify them in this work. Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. Robert Coles reflected general critical opinion of the author when he called Salinger "an original and gifted writer, a marvelous entertainer, a man free of the slogans and clichs the rest of us fall prey to". Modernist literature often features a marked pessimism, a clear rejection of the optimism apparent in Victorian literature. Concerning the translation of comparison as a stylistic device, the difficulties arise only if the words of English and other languages are various in the semantic structure. Then I got the hell out. Both the conversation and Mr. Antolini's head-rubbing serve a similar purpose: they upset Holden's view of the way things are or the way he believes they ought to be. The Romanian version of the Salingers The Catcher in the Rye is based the interpretation. We are lucky to present you. In the book, Holden explains the symbol meaning of the museums displays. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. .(J. D. Salinger: p. 18) with the translation into Romanian like Ackley, pu?iule? Examples Of Dialectical Journal For The Catcher In The Rye A peculiar group of words demanding transformation in translation are the words that possess different volume of meaning in two languages. Here, the question is not whether a given idiom is transparent, opaque, or misleading. Does Holden have sex with Sunny, the prostitute? Of all the places in the novel where Holden discusses his hat, the most famous and recognizable symbol in the book, this is probably the most enlightening. Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 11:46:52 PM. I live in New York, and I was thinking about the lagoon in Central Park, down near Central Park South. An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. The second point that would be investigated in this work is the translation difficulties which are presented through various types that would be in details discuss in this reseach paper. Modernists shared a common purpose. Translation of these words depends on the context, which helps to identify their concrete meaning. Holden realizes the irony that he is flunking out of Pencey, yet is still asked to do work for others. Salinger. The Romanian version always uses euphemisms and euphemistic formulations when translating SL colloquial expressions (mainly explained by the social, political and cultural constraints from the period of its publication), while the second version uses (almost all the time) the same informal, at times vulgar, linguistic register as the ST, managing at the same time to capture the nuances and subtleties of the original. It is an implicit comparison of two unlike objects. his brevity, conciseness and concentration of style; his attentiveness to details and to exact dates and facts; his constant reference to parts of the human body; his leitmotif of the letter or note; his constant way of picturing certain female characters painting their nails or toenail or the recurrent motif of a man holding a childs feet; his constant references to colors and the symbolism within colors; his penchant for coining new words or changing different parts of speech into others; his inclination of dealing with psychological problems in his fiction; his tendency to use the pattern of sequencesequence in his characters namesin his themes, etc. The conclusion is that the major themes, patterns and motifs that recur in Salingers fiction and develop into major and instantly recognizable archetypes, his trademarks, and at the same time a very clear indication of the very evolution of his writing technique, mainly refer to: The research has also led to the conclusion that the recurrent pattern of the letter or of the note plays a very well defined role in J. D. Salingers fiction and it is usually manifested through the characters repeated reading or memorizing of them in different (mostly difficult) situations. Textual (syntagmatic) equivalence, where there is equivalence of the syntagmatic structuring of a text, i.e. and visits me practically every week-end. Why does Holden hate Ackley? In the end can be concluded that the main Lexical translation problems are: Practically, stylistic devices in almost all languages are similar still though their functions in speech vary. This twofold approach, social and cultural, can help better understand the whole context in which Salinger produced his literary masterpiece, which in turn can greatly help in understanding the reception of the novel in the two cultures and its status in contemporary society. The mitt is representative of a "loss of innocence". Stradlater is a "Yearbook" kind of handsome guy. In the book there are many cases of Holden Caulfield trying to resist growing. The author used a great variety of the types of translation difficulties and these types could be well seen in the third chapter of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye that was chosen in order to point out those types of translation difficulties that exist in the novel. Our search for who we are is fuelled by our innate desire to achieve a sense of acceptance and belonging. J. D. Salinger used a lot of stylistic device which made the content of the novel more exiting. In the book The Catcher in the Rye, in chapter 20, why does Holden do his "bullet in the guts" number again? Contact us how does this poem differ from traditional sonnets interflora; airmessage vs blue bubbles; southside legend strain effects; abd insurance and financial services; valenzuela city ordinance violation fines; my summer car cheatbox; vfs global japan visa nepal contact number; beaver owl fox dolphin personality test; Community Joe has made an argument that the cat has fleas. False friends could be called inter-language synonyms, homonyms and paronyms. J. D. Salinger used a lot of epithets in his work The Cather in the Ray in order to present a good characteristic of the characters which are in the work and of the objects that he used in his work the epithets were used for pointing out to the reader some of the properties or features of the characters and of the objects with the aim of giving an individual perception and evaluation of these features or properties. He asks Holden to write a composition for him for English. It was discussed the reasons which led to the negative reactions around The Catcher in the Rye and its repeated banning and removal from schools and high schools reading lists since its first publication until nowadays, and also some similar cases in American literature. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. Some stupid guy had thrown peanut shells all over the stairs, and I damn near broke my crazy neck. . His random and repeated lying highlights his own self-deceptionhe refuses to acknowledge his own shortcomings and is unwilling to consider how his behavior affects those around him. This leads to the interpretation that using the same linguistic pattern denotes a more faithful translation. It cost him damn near four thousand bucks. What Stradlater did not expect was that Holden would write about his late brother's baseball glove. There are three symbols unparticular that are used most regularly in the novel. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. answer choices He had been expelled because he failed four of five subjects. J. D. Salinger needed to persuade the reader that Holden was capable of writing an entire "autobiographical" book, even though he was a poor student and was actually getting kicked out of school because of his bad grades. you to an academic expert within 3 minutes. This difference of word combinability in various languages is very important; therefore some types of combinability are easily accepted in one of language and are completely unacceptable in other languages. The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST.. Salinger uses much of the Zen philosophy, as in the case of Nine Stories, to achieve this liberation. Mr. Antolini guesses that Holden feels disconnected from his environment, and, as we have already seen, his assessment is accurate. New York: Harper & Row, 1989. http://www.bellmore-merrick.k12.ny.us/catcher.html; http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html. Attempting to remedy this, Bethany K. Dumas and Jonathan Lighter argue that an expression should be considered "true slang" if it meets at least two of the following criteria: The Atlantic Bookshelf, Vol. On the one hand, despises his room mates and headmaster of Elton Hills prep school ,but does have a favorite teacher. Wed love to have you back! eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. The author wanted to show that with a kind of symbols, like religion or loneliness, life can be happy: a better life is possible. The interaction of different types of lexical meaning: J. D. Salingers The Cather in the Ray is full of stylistic device that made authors style more clear and sometimes more interesting. Stradlater's composition is supposed to be about a room in a house that can be described. Holden is upset with the show more content Holden writes an essay for his friend Stradlater for school .Holden writes a composition about Allies glove and the writings on Allie's mitt . Normally, the conflict becomes the base of the unhapppiness, but many of the Salingers characters, loneliness or isolation is the better way for seach happiness. Like hell it is. I took it off and looked at it. But it is what we aim at. $24.99 Latest answer posted April 14, 2021 at 10:45:43 AM. So it can be concluded that Salinger tries to explain what these three elements can do for search the true happiness. When he actually gets to the museum, he decides not to go in; that would require disturbing his fragile imaginative construction by making it encounter the real world. From these two parts in different languages could be resulted that were used different types of translation difficulties in order to give the smallest basic elements that couldnt be seen without analyzing these two parts and taking into account the main element that mast be discussed translation difficulties. In the conclusion can be sad that the Romanian version achieved its aim; that of creating a contemporary and updated translation, especially in terms of language and language use. Ackley's room What does this reveal about Holden? In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. It may have various kinds of lexical meanings (lexical-semantic) variants; it may widen or narrow its meaning and make it more abstract and concrete. The target-oriented means [to render] a source text in a form that is as natural as possible for the reader of the target text and that conforms to conventional usage in the target language and culture. The difficulties while translating are connected most of all with conveyance of national character of one or another work: the brighter it reflects national life the more illuminate characteristic situations the more difficult for the translator to find adequate functional figurative means. Phoniness, which is probably the most famous phrase from The Catcher in the Rye, is one of Holden's favorite concepts. He desires independence because he feels that the world is an inhospitable, ugly place that, he feels, deserves only contempt. Purchasing Learn which of the following circumstances usually comes before a period of economic contraction? Stuff, in reference to one's privates. There are several reasons for this difficulty. The second is represented by the analysis of a modernist novel written by J. D. Salinger The Cather in the Ray in which would be treated the points such as lexical pecularities and translation difficulties used by the author. The difference is that the attempt is not to settle whether or not some claim is true, it is to show why it is true. Dont have an account? Salinger, the other novelty was the big critic of the society that it represented. Allie is a special person to Holden because of his intelligence and kindness, When Holden accepted the favor of writing Stradlater's composition, Holden has also accepted an obstacle in his time during his stay in Pencey Prep. In fact his main goal is to resist maturing. Metaphor is transference of some quality from one object to another. He has a cynical, oversimplified view of other people, and a large part of his fantasy world is based on the idea that children are simple and innocent while adults are superficial and hypocritical. The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST. American characteristic of the languages ability to adapt nouns into adjectives and nouns into adverbs (usually by adding a letter), which is, unfortunately, not possible in Romanian and thus the translators had to find suitable translation adaptation methods since our languages grammatical patterns do not allow similar adaptations. J. D. Salingers secluded lifestyle had its share of contribution and impact on the very popularity he has rejected and the implicit controversy. Some have argued that Salinger's tale of the human condition is fascinating and enlightening, yet incredibly depressing. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Mr. Antolini's quotation, from a psychoanalyst named Wilhelm Stekel, mean? Renews March 10, 2023 And hes also an important influence for writers as Harold Brodkey or the two Pulitzer Prize- winners John Updike and Philip Roth. I mean not wait till Wednesday or anything. He also recounts that the night Allie died, he slept in the garage and broke all the windows with his bare hands. How do you know? In the preparatory phase of a translation, cognition, in the form of self-consciousness and self-confidence, plays a very important role, inasmuch as this period implies conscious mental activities, where translating problems are detected and analyzed, and information and knowledge are accumulated. why does holden write the composition for stradlatermasa year of service PB Nitom Blog . CLXXXVIII, No. There are also expressions that are used in American English only, such as most of the slangy utterances mentioned above.[13]. J. D. Salinger: [USA] The Catcher in the Rye, L, Penguin, 1958. The fact that a novel of such radical social opinion and observation was written in a time of conservatism in America made it all the more controversial. Focused on some of Holdens linguistic repetitions and their importance, as well as on Salingers humor and comic effects and their renditions in the two versions. Salinger used his teenage years as reference in creating Holden. The incident involving the composition about Allie's baseball glove and the fight with Stradlater is intended to establish that Holden has a talent for writing--but only when he feels like writing and only when he can choose the topic.